As many radiology practices transition from peer reviews to peer learning, it is important to consider the benefits and challenges that accompany a program’s execution 

Errors in radiology are inevitable, but they do call for special attention as they can lead to medical malpractice suits. Typically, diagnostic errors are accounted for in peer reviews, which measure a provider’s competency based on a numerical score. However, many practices have begun transitioning away from traditional peer review approaches and opting for peer learning instead. 

In contrast to standard physician peer reviews, the authors of a new study published in Clinical Imaging suggest that peer learning offers more educational opportunities and fosters a less punitive, more supportive environment. The authors focused their research on peer learning in a breast imaging setting, since delays in breast cancer diagnosis are the most common culprit of medical malpractice suits in the U.S. 

“Due to the common association of breast imaging errors in medical malpractice cases and concerns about being sued for malpractice by radiologists who perform breast imaging, peer learning can be helpful in creating a safe environment to discuss and reduce error and create avenues to increase safety and quality in practice,” corresponding author Kanchan Phalak, with the department of radiology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and co-authors explained.

Multiple studies have received favorable feedback from radiologists who have participated in peer learning programs, the authors wrote. These programs include case submissions from errors, as well as “good calls" to place the focus on educational opportunities and improvement in groups, rather than placing blame. Previous studies have found that these submissions increased after implementation of peer learning programs, citing that physicians are more comfortable with pointing out errors when they know their peers will not be judged for them.