Radiology: Calcium score + SPECT may help predict cardiac events
Researchers may be able to predict future severe cardiac events in patients with known, stable coronary artery disease (CAD) using coronary calcium scoring, according to a study published July 28 in the online edition of Radiology.
"The amount of calcium in the coronary vessels, as measured by CT, is of high predictive value for subsequent serious or fatal heart attack in these patients, independent of the patient's age, sex and other coronary risk factors," said the study's lead author, Marcus Hacker, MD, physician in the department of nuclear medicine, chair of the research unit for nuclear cardiology and assistant medical director at Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, Germany.
Currently, calcium scoring is used as a screening exam and in cases of suspected CAD, but not in cases of known CAD, according to the authors. Hacker and colleagues sought to determine if calcium scoring would lend additional prognostic value to SPECT findings in patients with known, stable CAD.
For the study, 260 patients with CAD underwent coronary artery calcium scoring in addition to SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. Over a median period of 5.4 years, the patients were followed up for severe cardiac events--cardiac death or nonfatal heart attacks.
Researchers discovered that 23 of the 260 patients had a fatal or severe heart attack, and 40 additional patients underwent bypass surgery.
The results showed that patents with an initial calcium score greater than 400 were at significantly increased risk for severe cardiac events.
"We found that coronary calcium seems to play an important role in predicting subsequent heart attack or sudden cardiac death, and adds prognostic value to SPECT findings," said co-author Christopher Uebleis, MD, member of the research unit for nuclear cardiology at Ludwig Maximilians.
Hacker noted that combining calcium scoring and SPECT can help to identify patients with known CAD who are at highest risk for serious or fatal heart attacks.
"In these patients, intensified medical therapy, shorter follow-up intervals and, if necessary, bypass procedures may be required to prevent future severe cardiac events," Hacker concluded.
"The amount of calcium in the coronary vessels, as measured by CT, is of high predictive value for subsequent serious or fatal heart attack in these patients, independent of the patient's age, sex and other coronary risk factors," said the study's lead author, Marcus Hacker, MD, physician in the department of nuclear medicine, chair of the research unit for nuclear cardiology and assistant medical director at Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, Germany.
Currently, calcium scoring is used as a screening exam and in cases of suspected CAD, but not in cases of known CAD, according to the authors. Hacker and colleagues sought to determine if calcium scoring would lend additional prognostic value to SPECT findings in patients with known, stable CAD.
For the study, 260 patients with CAD underwent coronary artery calcium scoring in addition to SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. Over a median period of 5.4 years, the patients were followed up for severe cardiac events--cardiac death or nonfatal heart attacks.
Researchers discovered that 23 of the 260 patients had a fatal or severe heart attack, and 40 additional patients underwent bypass surgery.
The results showed that patents with an initial calcium score greater than 400 were at significantly increased risk for severe cardiac events.
"We found that coronary calcium seems to play an important role in predicting subsequent heart attack or sudden cardiac death, and adds prognostic value to SPECT findings," said co-author Christopher Uebleis, MD, member of the research unit for nuclear cardiology at Ludwig Maximilians.
Hacker noted that combining calcium scoring and SPECT can help to identify patients with known CAD who are at highest risk for serious or fatal heart attacks.
"In these patients, intensified medical therapy, shorter follow-up intervals and, if necessary, bypass procedures may be required to prevent future severe cardiac events," Hacker concluded.