Medical Imaging

Physicians utilize medical imaging to see inside the body to diagnose and treat patients. This includes computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, angiography,  and the nuclear imaging modalities of PET and SPECT. 

An example of commercially available artificial intelligence (AI) automated grading of breast density on mammograms from the vendor Densitas..

VIDEO: Role of AI in breast imaging with radiomics, detection of breast density and lesions

Connie Lehman, MD, chief of breast imaging, co-director of the Avon Comprehensive Breast Evaluation Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, discusses how artificial intelligence (AI) is being implemented in breast imaging.

Example of the four types of breast tissue density. The density of fibroglandular tissue inside the breast impacts the ability to easily see cancers. Cancers are very easy to spot in fatty breasts, but are almost impossible to find in extremely dense breasts. These examples show craniocaudal mammogram findings characterized as almost entirely fatty (far left), scattered areas of fibroglandular density (second from left), heterogeneously dense (second from right), and extremely dense (far right). RSNA

Breast density notification laws: FDA provides updated timeline on rollout

The proposed regulations would require all healthcare providers to offer patients a summary of their breast density that details their breast cancer risks and covers additional screening options that may be available.

Left, HeartFlow's RoadMap analysis enables cardiac CT readers to identify stenoses in the major coronary arteries. The AI provides visualization and quantification of the location and severity of anatomic narrowings. Right image, HeartFlow's Plaque Analysis AI algorithm automates assessment of coronary plaque characteristics and volume on CCTA exams to greatly reduce the time it takes to manually assess and quantify these features.

HeartFlow gains FDA clearance for 2 new AI-powered imaging assessments

The solutions, Plaque Analysis and RoadMap Analysis, both use coronary CT angiography to provide clinicians with a noninvasive look at patients who present with coronary artery disease and face a heightened myocardial infarction risk.

Brain scans reveal single doses of nicotine inhibiting estrogen production in women

On MRI and PET brain scans, women who were exposed to a small dose of nicotine showed altered activity in the thalamus region of the brain.

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CRC patients with these clinical characteristics need more frequent post-op chest imaging

These patients are at greatest risk of developing lung metastases within three months of surgery.

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What is the radiologist's role in variations of prostate cancer detection?

Prior studies have focused on radiologist performance rather than patient outcomes, leaving the topic of variable diagnoses and what factors impact them—race, ethnicity, age, biopsy type, etc.—open for debate. 

AI system boosts intracranial hemorrhage detection

“This study implies that future clinical workflows may see AI be used in an adjunct capacity to improve interpretations of CT scans by helping call radiologists' attention to findings that may be overlooked.” 

Example of a cancer that is difficult to see in dense breast tissue, but can be seen easier using 3D mammography digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) breast imaging because the radiologist can go through the breast layer by layer if tissue..

VIDEO: The rapid adoption of 3D mammography and use of AI to address dense breasts

Stamatia Destounis, MD, a radiologist and managing partner at Elizabeth Wende Breast Care in Rochester, New York, chair of the American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Commission, explains the rapid adoption of 3D mammogram digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) technology.
 

Around the web

GE HealthCare designed the new-look Revolution Vibe CT scanner to help hospitals and health systems embrace CCTA and improve overall efficiency.

Clinicians have been using HeartSee to diagnose and treat coronary artery disease since the technology first debuted back in 2018. These latest updates, set to roll out to existing users, are designed to improve diagnostic performance and user access.

The cardiac technologies clinicians use for CVD evaluations have changed significantly in recent years, according to a new analysis of CMS data. While some modalities are on the rise, others are being utilized much less than ever before.