Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a crucial component of healthcare to help augment physicians and make them more efficient. In medical imaging, it is helping radiologists more efficiently manage PACS worklists, enable structured reporting, auto detect injuries and diseases, and to pull in relevant prior exams and patient data. In cardiology, AI is helping automate tasks and measurements on imaging and in reporting systems, guides novice echo users to improve imaging and accuracy, and can risk stratify patients. AI includes deep learning algorithms, machine learning, computer-aided detection (CAD) systems, and convolutional neural networks. 

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Researchers ID new biomarkers of ‘chemobrain’

"Our findings suggest that patients with higher prechemotherapy DHEAS levels had lower odds of developing self-perceived cognitive impairment,” wrote authors of a study published in Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy.

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MRI study: Is obesity linked to faster cognitive decline, dementia?

"The global obesity pandemic has not only led to a greater incidence of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, but has also coincided with a rise in brain diseases, such as accelerated cognitive decline and dementia,” wrote authors of an April 23 study published in Radiology.

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Deep learning predicts lung cancer mortality better than clinical model

“Our research demonstrates that deep-learning models integrating routine imaging scans obtained at multiple time points can improve predictions of survival and cancer-specific outcomes for lung cancer," wrote Hugo Aerts, PhD, in a recent study published in Clinical Cancer Research.

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Can crowd-sourcing AI algorithms work in radiation oncology?

The supply of radiation oncologists hasn’t kept up with the global demand for radiation therapy. But could experts from across the world help create an AI algorithm capable of closing that gap?

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3 reasons radiologists shouldn’t sweat deep learning

The human-level success of deep learning has made some in medicine question whether automation may eventually take over many tasks performed by radiologists. An author, and radiologist, put that question to bed in an April 18 editorial published in the Journal of the American College of Radiology.

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Neuroimaging method measures disease severity in Parkinson’s patients

Dopamine transporter (DAT) SPECT may be a useful imaging biomarker to determine the severity of Parkinson’s disease, according to an April 17 study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology.

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New roadmap outlines 5 research priorities for AI in radiology

“Our goal was to provide a blueprint for professional societies, funding agencies, research labs, and everyone else working in the field to accelerate research toward AI innovations that benefit patients," wrote lead author, Curtis P. Langlotz, MD, PhD.

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The FDA faces unique challenges in approving AI software

A recent NPR report traced the development and approval of the fist AI software approved to diagnose diabetic retinopathy and examined challenges the administration may face as more software makers look to enter the market.

Around the web

Positron, a New York-based nuclear imaging company, will now provide Upbeat Cardiology Solutions with advanced PET/CT systems and services. 

The nuclear imaging isotope shortage of molybdenum-99 may be over now that the sidelined reactor is restarting. ASNC's president says PET and new SPECT technologies helped cardiac imaging labs better weather the storm.

CMS has more than doubled the CCTA payment rate from $175 to $357.13. The move, expected to have a significant impact on the utilization of cardiac CT, received immediate praise from imaging specialists.