Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a crucial component of healthcare to help augment physicians and make them more efficient. In medical imaging, it is helping radiologists more efficiently manage PACS worklists, enable structured reporting, auto detect injuries and diseases, and to pull in relevant prior exams and patient data. In cardiology, AI is helping automate tasks and measurements on imaging and in reporting systems, guides novice echo users to improve imaging and accuracy, and can risk stratify patients. AI includes deep learning algorithms, machine learning, computer-aided detection (CAD) systems, and convolutional neural networks. 

MRI method may screen for Alzheimer’s disease

An MRI method to predict the ratio of total tau (tt) to beta amyloid (AB) may provide a screening tool that could help discriminate between Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, according to a study published online Dec. 26, 2012, in Neurology. The findings could allow some patients to bypass the traditional lumbar puncture required to assess tt/AB and differentiate the disorders.

MRI shows traumatic brain lesions not shown on CT

MRI indicated brain contusions and axonal injury independently associated with poorer three-month outcome after mild traumatic brain injury, according to a study published online Dec. 7, 2012, in Annals of Neurology.

Does not compute: Knee replacement not helped by computer navigation

Despite being touted as an improvement to conventional knee replacement procedures, computer-assisted navigation provided no advantage over the traditional surgical procedure, according to a study published in the Nov. 21 edition of The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.

MR shows lingering effects of concussion in kids

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed ongoing white matter structural changes in children who suffered a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) up to five months after the injury despite the resolution of clinical symptoms, according to a study published in the Dec. 12 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience.  The findings suggest DTI could be used to diagnose pediatric concussions and highlight the potential benefit of using advanced imaging techniques to monitor recovery in children following concussions.

3D MR+US fusion may be best of both worlds for prostate biopsy

A new technique of targeted biopsy using MR-ultrasound fusion technology can accurately target prostate lesions and potentially improve diagnosis, according to a study published in the January issue of Journal of Urology.

British Columbia taps McKesson for peer review pilot

The British Columbia Ministry of Health has selected McKesson QICS for its radiologist peer review initiative. As part of its ongoing quality improvement program, the company said that the Ministry of Health will use its system in a pilot to help modernize medical imaging processes and improve quality of care.

JACR: Opportunities abound for CDS to impact quality, data reporting programs

Imaging clinical decision support (CDS) can be more than a physician-friendly alternative to prior authorization, as it helps satisfy criteria for a number of quality initiatives and incentive programs, according to an article published in the December issue of the Journal of the American College of Radiology.

‘Slow year’ for innovation at RSNA yields PACS, dose reduction advances

Judging from the vendor offerings at the Radiological Society of North America’s (RSNA) recent annual meeting, 2012 was another slow year for technology innovation, according to a Dec. 6 webinar from global growth consulting company Frost & Sullivan.

Around the web

RBMA President Peter Moffatt discusses declining reimbursement rates, recruiting challenges and the role of artificial intelligence in transforming the industry.

Deepak Bhatt, MD, director of the Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital and principal investigator of the TRANSFORM trial, explains an emerging technique for cardiac screening: combining coronary CT angiography with artificial intelligence for plaque analysis to create an approach similar to mammography.

A total of 16 cardiology practices from 12 states settled with the DOJ to resolve allegations they overbilled Medicare for imaging agents used to diagnose cardiovascular disease.