In a recent study conducted in a large urban safety-net health system, researchers have shed light on the complex associations between breast cancer screening and patient sociodemographic factors. The findings were published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. [1]
The study, which included a retrospective review of data from 11,962 female patients age 50 to 74, revealed that the overall breast cancer screening rate was 69.7%. However, what stood out were the variations in screening rates among different populations. Over half of the patients were from non-White racial backgrounds (63.6%) and had public insurance (72.3%). Moreover, a significant portion of the cohort consisted of patients with limited English proficiency, making up 44.3% of the study participants.
The findings showed that patients who are white, proficient in English, and covered by Medicare had the lowest rates of screenings. Further, individuals with serious mental illness and substance use disorders were associated with lower odds of undergoing breast cancer screening, regardless of race.
Individuals of non-white racial groups (Black, Hispanic and other), especially those who spoke a primary language other than English, had higher odds of undergoing breast cancer screening, ranging from 8% to 63% higher. However, the study found that Asians and Haitians did not show such significant differences in screening rates compared to those with white backgrounds.
"Multiple unique variables contribute to breast cancer screening disparities, influenced by patient and health system factors, “ wrote the study authors led by Benjamin Allar, MD, Brigham and Women's Hospital. “Defining and understanding the interplay of these variables can guide policymaking and identify avenues to improve breast cancer screening for vulnerable or traditionally under-resourced populations."
The authors say the findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and policies to reduce breast cancer screening disparities. But, given the low rate of screening for those who struggle with addiction or mental disorders, the interventions have to look beyond race.
Researchers also reviewed data related to male breast cancer screening. Unsurprisingly, men had the lowest rate of imaging, irrespective of any other factor.
The full results can be found here.
Chad is an award-winning writer and editor with over 15 years of experience working in media. He has a decade-long professional background in healthcare, working as a writer and in public relations.