Medical Imaging

Physicians utilize medical imaging to see inside the body to diagnose and treat patients. This includes computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, angiography,  and the nuclear imaging modalities of PET and SPECT. 

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DBT detects earlier stage breast cancers in older women

In women 65 and older, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) achieved a higher specificity for detecting breast cancer and identified the disease at an earlier stage compared to traditional 2D mammography.

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Safety of CT contrast agents called into question

Using contrast agents to enhance CT scans is an established risk factor for kidney injury in those at risk for renal complications, according to a March 23 NPR report, but the research that drove that conclusion years ago might be unbalanced.

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Short-pulse ultrasound successfully delivers drugs across blood-brain barrier

A study published in Radiology on March 26 suggests rapid short-pulse ultrasound is as effective—and maybe more so—than standard and long-pulse therapy for delivering drugs across the blood-brain barrier.

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Opportunity emerges for osteoporosis screening via routine CT

Researchers have established normal ranges of bone density in a part of the lumbar spine that is routinely imaged incidentally. Their primary aim is to equip radiologists with data that can be referred to when reading chest and abdominal CTs so the reader can opportunistically cross-screen for osteoporosis and check for compression fractures.

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Imaging CDS raises order appropriateness for ED trainees, attendings alike

Clinical decision support (CDS) tools help trainee physicians in the emergency department order advanced imaging more appropriately. Then again, experienced physicians using the tools hit about the same appropriateness scores as the interns, residents and fellows.

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FDA proposes significant updates to mammography regulations, including breast density reporting

The FDA announced Wednesday, March 27, that it is taking action to “modernize” breast cancer screening in the United States by amending the Mammography Quality Standards Act of 1992 with a new proposed rule.

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Evidence-based guidelines fail to curb inappropriate imaging orders in Ireland

Four years ago the U.K.’s Royal College of Radiologists released its evidence-based “iRefer” guidelines to help referring physicians in Ireland order the right imaging at the right time for the right indication. Now researchers on the Emerald Isle have compared the appropriateness of imaging ordered before and after the release, with an eye on economic costs as well as radiation doses.

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Dense breast notification laws boost cancer detection rates, ultrasound use

Dense breast notification (DBN) laws that require recommending supplemental tests and cancer diagnosis after screening mammography boosted ultrasound use and cancer detection rates in a recent study of more than 1 million women across the U.S.

Around the web

A total of 16 cardiology practices from 12 states settled with the DOJ to resolve allegations they overbilled Medicare for imaging agents used to diagnose cardiovascular disease. 

CCTA is being utilized more and more for the diagnosis and management of suspected coronary artery disease. An international group of specialists shared their perspective on this ongoing trend.

The new technology shows early potential to make a significant impact on imaging workflows and patient care.