Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a crucial component of healthcare to help augment physicians and make them more efficient. In medical imaging, it is helping radiologists more efficiently manage PACS worklists, enable structured reporting, auto detect injuries and diseases, and to pull in relevant prior exams and patient data. In cardiology, AI is helping automate tasks and measurements on imaging and in reporting systems, guides novice echo users to improve imaging and accuracy, and can risk stratify patients. AI includes deep learning algorithms, machine learning, computer-aided detection (CAD) systems, and convolutional neural networks. 

3D scanning system captures T. rex, bites into upfront costs

3D imaging is an exciting niche in the field of medical imaging. One obstacle to further exploration, though, is the hefty upfront costs to acquire the necessary hardware and software. Researchers have developed a promising 3D imaging system that costs a few hundred dollars—a mere fraction of the cost of many CT-based systems.

MRI may have a sweet new contrast partner

German scientists have developed a way to swap out contrast agents for a simple sugar solution to enhance brain cancer visualization on MRI.

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Prostate-specific PET/CT finds elusive cancers, fine-tunes care management

A high proportion of prostate cancer patients have their care pathways changed after being scanned with PET/CT enhanced by the injected radiotracer gallium-68 (Ga-68) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA).

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Screening bone CT helps avoid osteoporosis fractures

By combining virtual bone-strength testing with standard bone mineral density testing—the former using quantitative CT, the latter with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)—clinicians can help postmenopausal women ward off a substantial number of painful fragility fractures.

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Computer-assisted CT colonography performs well, gets reimbursed

CT colonography aided by computer detection has proven sharp at finding colorectal polyps 6 mm or larger—and at earning reimbursement—in routine clinical practice, where it also had an acceptable false-positive rate, according to a study running in the June edition of the American Journal of Roentgenology.

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When it comes to cybersecurity, imaging departments must prepare for the worst

“WannaCry,” the most recent ransomware attack in the United Kingdom, was yet another reminder of how dependent modern healthcare is on networked technology. The National Health Service experienced ambulances piling up outside hospitals, appointments were canceled, surgeries were delayed and there was the frightening possibility that patient records could be deleted unless a ransom was paid.

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More evidence of preterm birth affecting brain development in adolescents

Teenagers who came into the world as “preemies” have altered brain connectivity on MRI, as well as differences in cognitive function, compared with their peers who spent the full nine months in utero.

Radiology take note: Facebook gets superfast with AI vision training

Researchers at Facebook—you read those three words right—have developed a way to feed image data to AI visual-recognition models at a much faster pace than ever before, and with no compromise on precision. Radiology AI developers are sure to watch and learn. 

Around the web

RBMA President Peter Moffatt discusses declining reimbursement rates, recruiting challenges and the role of artificial intelligence in transforming the industry.

Deepak Bhatt, MD, director of the Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital and principal investigator of the TRANSFORM trial, explains an emerging technique for cardiac screening: combining coronary CT angiography with artificial intelligence for plaque analysis to create an approach similar to mammography.

A total of 16 cardiology practices from 12 states settled with the DOJ to resolve allegations they overbilled Medicare for imaging agents used to diagnose cardiovascular disease.